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Steam

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Steam is a digital distribution platform developed by Valve Corporation, which offers digital rights management (DRM), multiplayer gaming, video streaming and social networking services. Steam provides the user with installation and automatic updating of games on multiple computers, and community features such as friends lists and groups, cloud saving, and in-game voice and chat functionality. - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Games

Prerequisites

Note
The Dependencies and USE flags sections below can be skipped when using the steam-launcher or steam-meta ebuild from an external repository (overlay).
Important
Steam is a 32-bit application and requires a multilib profile on amd64, unless a chroot is used.

Dependencies

Note
The following dependencies may be outdated and require verification. Some of the dependencies may be bundled by the Steam runtime, in which case the system libraries will not be used.

Create the following set of required Steam dependencies:

FILE /etc/portage/sets/steam
# mandatory!
dev-libs/glib:2
dev-libs/libgcrypt
dev-libs/nspr
dev-libs/nss
gnome-base/gconf
gnome-extra/zenity
media-libs/alsa-lib
media-libs/fontconfig
media-libs/freetype:2
media-libs/libjpeg-turbo
media-libs/libogg
media-libs/libpng:1.2
media-libs/libsdl
media-libs/libtheora
media-libs/libvorbis
media-libs/libtxc_dxtn
media-libs/openal
net-misc/curl
net-print/cups
sys-apps/dbus
virtual/libusb:1
virtual/opengl
x11-libs/cairo
x11-libs/gdk-pixbuf
x11-libs/gtk+:2
x11-libs/libX11
x11-libs/libXext
x11-libs/libXfixes
x11-libs/libXi
x11-libs/libXrandr
x11-libs/libXrender
x11-libs/libXScrnSaver
x11-libs/pango
x11-libs/pixman

# optional
media-sound/pulseaudio
net-misc/networkmanager
x11-misc/xdg-user-dirs

And then run:

root #emerge --ask --noreplace @steam
Warning
Do not run emerge --unmerge @steam to remove Steam as it may make the system unusable. Instead use emerge --ask --depclean @steam for this method.

USE flags

To enable the required USE flags for Steam dependencies under amd64, add the the following file:

FILE /etc/portage/package.use/steam
dev-db/sqlite abi_x86_32
dev-libs/expat abi_x86_32
dev-libs/glib abi_x86_32
dev-libs/libffi abi_x86_32
dev-libs/libpthread-stubs abi_x86_32
dev-libs/nspr abi_x86_32
dev-libs/nss abi_x86_32
dev-util/pkgconfig abi_x86_32
media-libs/libtxc_dxtn abi_x86_32
media-libs/mesa abi_x86_32
media-libs/openal abi_x86_32
net-misc/curl abi_x86_32
sys-devel/llvm abi_x86_32
sys-fs/udev abi_x86_32
sys-libs/gpm abi_x86_32
sys-libs/ncurses abi_x86_32
sys-libs/readline abi_x86_32
sys-libs/zlib abi_x86_32
virtual/libffi abi_x86_32
virtual/libiconv abi_x86_32
virtual/libudev abi_x86_32
virtual/pkgconfig abi_x86_32
x11-libs/gdk-pixbuf abi_x86_32
x11-libs/gtk+:2 abi_x86_32
x11-libs/libdrm abi_x86_32
x11-libs/libpciaccess abi_x86_32
x11-libs/libX11 abi_x86_32
x11-libs/libXau abi_x86_32
x11-libs/libxcb abi_x86_32
x11-libs/libXdamage abi_x86_32
x11-libs/libXdmcp abi_x86_32
x11-libs/libXext abi_x86_32
x11-libs/libXfixes abi_x86_32
x11-libs/libXScrnSaver abi_x86_32
x11-libs/libxshmfence abi_x86_32
x11-libs/libXxf86vm abi_x86_32
x11-proto/damageproto abi_x86_32
x11-proto/dri2proto abi_x86_32
x11-proto/dri3proto abi_x86_32
x11-proto/fixesproto abi_x86_32
x11-proto/glproto abi_x86_32
x11-proto/inputproto abi_x86_32
x11-proto/kbproto abi_x86_32
x11-proto/presentproto abi_x86_32
x11-proto/xcb-proto abi_x86_32
x11-proto/xextproto abi_x86_32
x11-proto/xf86bigfontproto abi_x86_32
x11-proto/xf86driproto abi_x86_32
x11-proto/xf86vidmodeproto abi_x86_32
x11-proto/xproto abi_x86_32

Update the system:

root #emerge --ask --changed-use --deep @world
Note
Users may receive an error citing circular dependencies due to gpm and ncurses. If this is the case, add -gpm to sys-libs/ncurses and update the @world set once more.

Kernel

Steam expects that /dev/shm, which requires kernel tmpfs support, is mounted prior to being started. /dev/shm should be mounted automatically by OpenRC and systemd during boot, but can also be mounted explicitly via /etc/fstab:

FILE /etc/fstab
# to limit the size add e.g. size=768M to opts (default is 50%)

#<fs>      <mountpoint>    <type>	<opts>		     <dump/pass>
shm        /dev/shm        tmpfs        nodev,nosuid,noexec  0 0

Installation

Note
Steam officially supports Ubuntu 12.04+. Attempting to run Steam on any other Linux distribution may cause various issues. Refer to client and games troubleshooting for details.

The Steam installer downloads and installs the Steam client to the users home directory. This prevents Portage from managing the Steam client updates or the software installed by it. The Steam client is solely responsible for managing software installation and updates.

Important
The instructions throughout this page use the typical Steam installation directory ~/.local/share/Steam.

External repositories

The steam-launcher ebuild is available from anyc's Steam repository or the Gentoo Gamers repository.

anyc's Steam repository

anyc's Steam repository is the primary Steam repository. The Gentoo Gamers repository occasionally pulls in changes from anyc's Steam repository, and usually does not have the latest steam-launcher ebuild available.

Install the Steam repository repository configuration:

root #wget -P /etc/portage/repos.conf/ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/anyc/steam-overlay/master/steam-overlay.conf

Sync the Steam repository:

root #emaint sync --repo steam-overlay
Note
The above only needs to be performed once, since the repository will be auto synced during emerge --sync or emaint sync --auto operations.

Install the steam-launcher ebuild:

root #emerge --ask games-util/steam-launcher

Alternatively, install the steam-meta ebuild to pull in all Steam related ebuilds:

root #emerge --ask games-util/steam-meta

eselect repository

Install app-eselect/eselect-repository and dev-vcs/git:

root #emerge --ask --noreplace app-eselect/eselect-repository dev-vcs/git

Add the Steam repository:

root #eselect repository enable steam-overlay

Install the steam-launcher ebuild:

root #emerge --ask games-util/steam-launcher

Layman

Note
Please refer to the Layman page for comprehensive installation instructions.

Install layman:

root #emerge --ask --noreplace app-portage/layman

Fetch the Steam repository:

root #layman -f

Display the information about the specified repository:

root #layman -i steam-overlay

Add the Steam repository:

root #layman -a steam-overlay

Install the steam-launcher ebuild:

root #emerge --ask games-util/steam-launcher

Manual

Note
Installing Steam manually is not recommend as various fixes are not applied automatically[1]. Please consider installing Steam from an external repository.

Fetch and extract the Steam installer:

user $wget http://repo.steampowered.com/steam/pool/steam/s/steam/steam_1.0.0.56.tar.gz
user $tar -xvzpf steam_1.0.0.56.tar.gz

Run the Steam installer:

user $cd steam
user $./steam
Note
After invoking ./steam a libGL error may appear. See Steam/Client troubleshooting for the resolution.

If the Steam client crashes, try running:

user $./steam -textclient

Running Steam with the -textclient option may be necessary each time the client wants to update.

Install the above Steam installer script:

root #cp steam /usr/local/bin

Steam can be started with:

user $steam

Manual with alternative installer script

Note
Installing Steam manually is not recommend as various fixes are not applied automatically[1]. Please consider installing Steam from an external repository.

The following installation method is almost identical to the manual installation method, except that an alternative Steam installer script is used.

Fetch the Steam installer and extract the required files:

user $wget http://repo.steampowered.com/steam/pool/steam/s/steam/steam_1.0.0.56.tar.gz
user $tar -xvzf steam_1.0.0.56.tar.gz steam/bootstraplinux_ubuntu12_32.tar.xz
user $tar -xvzf steam_1.0.0.56.tar.gz steam/steam.desktop

Fetch and run Julian Ospald's (hasufell) Steam installer script:

user $cd steam
user $wget https://gist.githubusercontent.com/hasufell/d02a93eccbe35be7a803/raw/987ea287dc81a60d2eb5fa1bb188eae0a5f1049f/steam
user $chmod +x steam
user $./steam

If the installer script creates broken symbolic links when run with Dash, run the installer script with Bash instead:

user $bash ./steam

Chroot

It is possible to run Steam in a 32-bit chroot on amd64 without relying on multilib.

Create the chroot directory:

root #mkdir /usr/local/steam32
root #cd /usr/local/steam32

Fetch and extract the stage tarball:

root #wget http://distfiles.gentoo.org/releases/x86/autobuilds/current-stage3-i686/stage3-i686-20171107.tar.bz2
root #tar -xvjpf stage3*.tar.bz2

Copy DNS information:

root #cp -L /etc/resolv.conf etc

Create the Portage directory:

root #mkdir usr/portage

Mount the necessary filesystems:

root #mount -R /dev dev
root #mount -R /sys sys
root #mount -t proc proc proc
root #mount -R /usr/portage usr/portage

Chroot with linux32, which is provided by the sys-apps/util-linux package, and update the environment:

root #linux32 chroot .
root #env-update && source /etc/profile

Create the Steam user:

root #useradd -m -G audio,video steam

Next, install Steam from one of the above installation methods. When complete, create the following wrapper script to setup the chroot, su to the Steam user, and start Steam:

FILE /usr/local/bin/steam32
#!/bin/sh

# steam chroot directory
chroot_dir="/usr/local/steam32"

# mount chroot directories
mount -R /dev "${chroot_dir}/dev"
mount -R /sys "${chroot_dir}/sys"
mount -t proc proc "${chroot_dir}/proc"
mount -R /usr/portage "${chroot_dir}/usr/portage"

# check for an existing dbus session
if [ -z "${DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS}" ] ; then
  chroot "${chroot_dir}" dbus-launch
fi

# chroot, substitute user, and start steam
chroot "${chroot_dir}" su steam -c "dbus-launch steam"

# unmount chroot directories when steam exits
umount -l "${chroot_dir}/dev"
umount -l "${chroot_dir}/sys"
umount -l "${chroot_dir}/proc"
umount -l "${chroot_dir}/usr/portage"

Although the above script uses D-Bus, it is possible to run Steam without it, but a manual method is required to connect the X server from within the chroot.

Client troubleshooting

See Steam/Client troubleshooting.

Games troubleshooting

See Steam/Games troubleshooting.

Removal

Removing a manual installation

Remove the Steam dependencies:

root #emerge --ask --depclean @steam

Remove the Steam executable and Portage configuration:

root #rm /usr/bin/steam
root #rm /etc/portage/sets/steam
root #rm -rf /etc/portage/package.*/steam

Remove the Steam directory from the user accountː

user $rm -rf ~/.local/share/Steam

Remove all files and directories from the user account which contain 'steam' (case-insensitive) in the name:

Warning
Use with caution as this may remove files and directories unrelated to Steam.
user $find ~ -iname '*steam*' -exec rm -ri {} \;

Removing an external repository installation

Remove the steam-launcher ebuild:

root #emerge --ask --unmerge games-util/steam-launcher

If it was installed, remove the steam-meta ebuild:

root #emerge --ask --unmerge games-util/steam-meta

Asking for help

The best place to ask for help is the Steam thread on the Gentoo Forums. If a solution to an issue is confirmed by others, add it to this page or the relevant troubleshooting subpage. Please do not remove content without discussion, unless it is obviously wrong.

See also

External resources

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 chewi. Issues on 4.18.9-gentoo kernel, Steam for Linux, September 24th, 2018. Retrieved on September 25th, 2018.
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