Nmap

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Nmap ( Network Mapper) is an open source recon tool used to check for open ports, what is running on those ports, and metadata about the daemons servicing those ports.

Nmap was written by Gordon Lyon.

Installation

Emerge

Installing Nmap is a standard emerge; no configuration should be required. Pay attention to the optional USE flags in case there are some "non-stock" features that you might find useful. See the USE flags list below before running the following command:

root #emerge --ask net-analyzer/nmap

A quick way to add many USE flags at once for Nmap:

root #echo ">=net-analyzer/nmap-6.25 gtk ipv6 lua nls ssl ncat ndiff nmap-update nping" >> /etc/portage/package.use

USE flags

USE flags for net-analyzer/nmap Network exploration tool and security / port scanner

`+nse`	Include support for the Nmap Scripting Engine (NSE)
`ipv6`	Add support for IP version 6
`libssh2`	Enable SSH support through net-libs/libssh2
`ncat`	Install the ncat utility
`ndiff`	Install the ndiff utility
`nls`	Add Native Language Support (using gettext - GNU locale utilities)
`nping`	Install the nping utility
`ssl`	Add support for SSL/TLS connections (Secure Socket Layer / Transport Layer Security)
`symlink`	Install symlink to nc
`verify-sig`	Verify upstream signatures on distfiles
`zenmap`	Install the GTK+ based nmap GUI, zenmap

Data provided by the Gentoo Package Database · Last update: 2024-10-03 10:10 More information about USE flags

Usage

Nmap is an extremely powerful tool. Entire books have been written about its use, and there is more information than we could possibly do justice to here. The following section will a brief overview in order to give users a feel for its output. If you'd like a more thorough tutorial, the man page is an excellent guide.

To see if port 80 was open at example.com, run nmap with the -p option to specify the port:

user $nmap example.com -p 80

To check multiple ports, port 80 and port 8080 for example, separate each port with a comma:

user $nmap example.com -p 80,8080,443

To check for open SQL ports, run:

user $nmap example.com -p 1433,3306,5432

To check a wide range of ports, such as ports 1-1000, separate the low-end & high-end of the range with a - (dash):

user $nmap example.com -p 1-1000

Specify multiple port ranges by:

user $nmap example.com -p 6660-6670,6690-6700

To find out if a server was running an IRC daemon, and then find out information about that IRC daemon do the same as above but add the -sV option:

user $nmap -sV irc.afraidirc.net -p 6660-6670,6690-6700

Starting Nmap 6.25 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-09-07 20:11 CDT
Nmap scan report for irc.afraidirc.net (174.122.223.81)
Host is up (0.060s latency).
rDNS record for 174.122.223.81: 51.df.7aae.static.theplanet.com
PORT     STATE  SERVICE  VERSION
6660/tcp closed unknown
6661/tcp closed unknown
6662/tcp closed radmind
6663/tcp closed unknown
6664/tcp closed unknown
6665/tcp open   irc      ratbox, charybdis, or ircd-seven ircd
6666/tcp open   irc
6667/tcp open   irc      ratbox, charybdis, or ircd-seven ircd
6668/tcp open   irc
6669/tcp open   irc
6670/tcp closed irc
6690/tcp closed unknown
6691/tcp closed unknown
6692/tcp closed unknown
6693/tcp closed unknown
6694/tcp closed unknown
6695/tcp open   irc      ratbox, charybdis, or ircd-seven ircd
6696/tcp open   irc      ratbox, charybdis, or ircd-seven ircd
6697/tcp open   irc      ratbox, charybdis, or ircd-seven ircd
6698/tcp open   irc      ratbox, charybdis, or ircd-seven ircd
6699/tcp open   irc      ratbox, charybdis, or ircd-seven ircd
6700/tcp closed carracho
Service Info: Host: BloodyMary.AfraidIRC.net

Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at http://nmap.org/submit/
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 12.14 seconds

The output above shows the hostname as defined in the IRC daemon configuration, as well as the IRC daemon version name. In this case, it happens to be Charybdis, which is a fork of ratbox. ircd-seven is also a fork of ratbox, so Nmap is unable to tell exactly which IRC daemon is in use. It is capable of providing the IRC daemon "family".

Similar port scans can be invoked in order to get information about web servers, or other services running on a target machines. The following example will get the web server and the operating system running on a machine at Google.com:

user $nmap -sV -p 80 google.com

Starting Nmap 6.25 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-09-07 20:16 CDT
Nmap scan report for google.com (74.125.224.66)
Host is up (0.022s latency).
rDNS record for 74.125.224.66: lax17s02-in-f2.1e100.net
PORT   STATE SERVICE VERSION
80/tcp open  http    Google httpd 2.0 (GFE)
Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at http://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 6.50 seconds

OS fingerprinting

To fingerprint an operating system, use:

root #nmap -O -v localhost

Easter eggs

At least one Easter egg is contained within Nmap, if more are found please document them here in the wiki!

user $nmap -oS - google.com

STArt1nG Nmap 6.25 ( Http://nMAp.oRg ) aT 2013-09-07 20:22 CDT
Nmap ScaN rEpOrt f0r g00gLe.c0m (74.125.224.71)
H0St |s up (0.012z lat3ncy).
rdNS r3coRd For 74.125.224.71: lax17S02-in-f7.1E100.n3t
Not Sh0wn: 998 F!lTErEd p0rt$
PORT    $T4T3 seRVIc3
80/Tcp  0p3n  HTTp
443/tCP Open  hTtps

Nmap d0nE: 1 Ip adDr3SS (1 Host up) $canned 1N 5.05 $3condz

External resources